What is pot still and patent method of distillation?

A pot still is a traditional distillation method that uses a single chamber or pot to vaporize and condense alcohol vapors. It is one of the oldest methods of distillation and is commonly used for producing spirits such as whiskey, brandy, and rum.

- Process:

1. The mash (fermented liquid) is heated in a pot still, which causes the alcohol and other volatile components to vaporize.

2. The vapors rise and are condensed back into a liquid in a separate chamber called a condenser.

3. The resulting distillate is then collected in a receiving vessel.

4. The process can be repeated multiple times to achieve a higher concentration of alcohol.

- Features:

- Pot stills produce a flavorful distillate with a distinct character due to the presence of congeners (other organic compounds besides alcohol).

- They offer more control over the distillation process, allowing distillers to adjust the flavor profile of the spirit.

- Pot stills are commonly used for artisanal and small-batch spirits production.

Patent Still (Column Still):

A patent still, also known as a column still, is a continuous distillation method that uses multiple chambers or plates to separate alcohol vapors from the mash. It was developed to increase the efficiency and productivity of the distillation process.

- Process:

1. The mash is heated in the first chamber, and the vapors are directed into a series of plates or trays stacked on top of each other.

2. The vapors condense and are collected on each plate, while the remaining vapors rise to the next higher plate.

3. As the vapors ascend through the plates, they encounter increasing heat, causing further evaporation and separation of alcohol from other compounds.

4. The final condensed vapors are collected at the top of the column as a high-proof distillate.

- Features:

- Patent stills allow for continuous operation, enabling large-scale production of alcohol.

- They produce a more neutral-flavored distillate due to the efficient removal of congeners.

- Patent stills are commonly used for industrial-scale production of spirits, vodka, and neutral spirits used in various beverages.