Where did the idiom bread and butter originate from?

The original saying was actually Bread & Beer from an English rhyme first collected in nursery Rhymes of England (1842)

Sing a song of sixpence,

A pocket full of rye,

Four and twenty blackbirds,

Baked in a pie.

When the pie was opened,

The birds began to sing;

Wasn't that a dainty dish,

To set before the king?

The king was in his counting house,

Counting out his money;

The queen was in the parlour,

Eating bread and honey.

The maid was in the garden,

Hanging out the clothes.

There came a little blackbird,

And snapped off her nose.