How can acid in stomach be neutralized?

The stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl) to help break down food. Too much HCl can cause discomfort, such as heartburn. There are a number of ways to neutralize stomach acid:

- Antacids: Antacids are medications that contain substances that neutralize stomach acid. They can be purchased over-the-counter or prescribed by a doctor. Common antacids include calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and magnesium hydroxide.

- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): PPIs are medications that work by blocking the production of stomach acid. They are typically prescribed for more severe cases of heartburn or acid reflux. Common PPIs include omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole.

- H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs): H2RAs are medications that work by blocking the action of histamine, which is a hormone that stimulates the production of stomach acid. They are typically prescribed for less severe cases of heartburn or acid reflux. Common H2RAs include famotidine, cimetidine, and nizatidine.

- Lifestyle changes: There are a number of lifestyle changes that can help reduce stomach acid production, including:

- Avoiding foods that trigger heartburn

- Eating small meals more frequently

- Avoiding caffeine and alcohol

- Quitting smoking

- Losing weight

- Elevating the head of your bed 6-8 inches