What is the meaning of double pan in cooking?

Double pan (or bain marie) is a cooking technique that involves placing a heat-resistant bowl over a saucepan filled with simmering water. The water in the saucepan creates steam that gently heats the food in the bowl, allowing for precise temperature control and even cooking.

This method is commonly used for delicate dishes that require low heat and constant stirring, such as custards, sauces, and chocolate ganache. It is also ideal for melting ingredients, such as chocolate or butter, to prevent them from overheating and scorching.

Here's a step-by-step explanation of how to use a double pan:

1. Set Up the Pan and Water: Fill a saucepan with about an inch or two of water and bring it to a simmer over medium-low heat.

2. Place the Bowl: Carefully place a heat-resistant bowl over the saucepan, making sure the bottom of the bowl does not touch the water. The bowl should fit snugly to prevent steam from escaping.

3. Add Ingredients: Add the ingredients to the bowl that you wish to cook or melt. This could include custards, sauces, tempered chocolate, or any other delicate mixture.

4. Heat and Stir: Continue to stir the contents of the bowl consistently while the water in the saucepan simmers. This ensures even heat distribution and helps to prevent the mixture from sticking to the bowl.

5. Monitor Temperature: Keep an eye on the temperature of the water in the saucepan. Adjust the heat as necessary to maintain a gentle simmer. Avoid letting the water come to a full boil, as this may cause the mixture in the bowl to overheat and cook too quickly.

6. Cook or Melt: Continue heating the mixture in the double pan until it reaches the desired consistency. For custards and sauces, this may involve cooking until they thicken. For melting ingredients, wait until they are completely smooth and melted.

7. Remove and Serve: Once the mixture is cooked or melted to your liking, carefully remove the bowl from the saucepan and transfer it to a cooling rack or plate. Serve immediately or let it cool according to the recipe.

Using a double pan provides precise temperature control and gentle heating, making it an invaluable technique for preparing delicate dishes and achieving a smooth, consistent texture.