Does an oven have conduction or convection?

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects. In an oven, the heating elements transfer heat to the food by conduction.

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of a fluid. In an oven, the hot air rises and the cooler air sinks, creating a convection current. This convection current circulates the hot air around the food, cooking it evenly.