How does Roundup ready seed work?

Roundup Ready seeds are genetically modified to be resistant to the herbicide glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup, a widely used herbicide. This resistance allows farmers to use Roundup to control weeds without damaging the crops.

The genetic engineering process involves inserting a gene into the plant's DNA that encodes an enzyme called EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase). EPSPS is an enzyme involved in the shikimate pathway, which is a metabolic pathway responsible for the production of several essential amino acids and secondary metabolites.

When glyphosate is sprayed on Roundup Ready crops, it inhibits EPSPS, disrupting the shikimate pathway and eventually leading to the death of susceptible plants by interfering with the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and other essential compounds. However, the modified gene in the Roundup Ready crops produces a modified EPSPS enzyme that is not affected by glyphosate.

With Roundup Ready seeds, farmers can use glyphosate herbicide to control weeds without harming their crops. This allows for more efficient weed management and can reduce the need for manual labor or alternative herbicides. However, the widespread and repeated use of glyphosate has raised concerns about its potential long-term ecological impacts and the development of resistant weeds.

It is important to note that the use of Roundup Ready seeds requires careful management to prevent the development of resistant weed populations and to minimize the environmental impact. As part of responsible agricultural practices, farmers should adopt integrated pest management strategies and follow the guidelines provided by seed companies and regulatory authorities.