What causes jiggers?

Jiggers are caused by burrowing fleas, scientifically known as Tunga penetrans. These are tiny parasitic fleas that are usually found in warmer, tropical climates. They infest the outer skin of humans and animals, burrowing into the skin and causing inflammation and itching.

Here's how jiggers cause infestations:

1. Fleas Seek Host: Tungiasis, the disease caused by jiggers, occurs when pregnant female fleas actively seek a host to lay their eggs. Humans are the primary hosts, along with pigs and other animals.

2. Skin Penetration: The pregnant flea penetrates the skin, usually between the toes, feet, or ankles, but they can affect other areas as well.

3. Burrowing and Egg-laying: Once inside the skin, the flea's abdomen swells significantly as it fills with eggs. This swelling causes discomfort, itching, and can disrupt normal skin function.

4. Infection Risk: The presence of the flea's body in the skin creates a vulnerable entry point for bacteria, leading to infections and surrounding inflammation.

5. Egg Maturation: Inside the skin, the flea's eggs mature and eventually hatch into larvae. These larvae emerge from the host's skin, drop to the ground, and undergo further development into adult fleas, ready to infest new hosts.

Factors Contributing to Jigger Infestations:

- Warm Climates: Jigger infestations are more common in warm, tropical regions, where the fleas thrive and have greater activity.

- Poor Hygiene: Inadequate hygiene, such as walking barefoot in contaminated environments or not properly cleaning affected areas, increases the risk of infestation.

- Crowded Living: Crowded living conditions and lack of proper sanitation contribute to the spread of jiggers, especially in impoverished communities.

It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect a jigger infestation. Prompt removal and treatment of jiggers can prevent infections, reduce discomfort, and avoid further complications.