What is a Bradford pear?

Bradford pear is a fast-growing, ornamental tree from the family Rosaceae. It is an Asian species, native to China, Japan, and Korea, and has been widely introduced to other countries as an ornamental tree.

The Bradford pear tree, scientifically known as Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford', is a cultivar of the Callery pear and is characterized by its dense canopy of dark green leaves, which turn vibrant shades of red, purple, and orange during the fall. It is a deciduous tree, meaning it sheds its leaves during winter.

The Bradford pear tree produces white or pink blossoms in early spring, before the leaves appear. The flowers have a mild, sweet fragrance and attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies. They also produce small, inedible fruit that resembles small, brown pears.

Key characteristics of Bradford pear trees:

1. Fast Growth: The Bradford pear is known for its rapid growth rate, reaching heights of up to 20-50 feet within a few years. This fast growth is what made them popular for landscaping.

2. Form: It has a pyramidal or rounded crown and an upright growth habit when young, but as it matures, it can develop a wide-spreading canopy.

3. Leaves: The leaves are elliptical, glossy dark green in color, with a serrated margin. They turn vibrant shades of red, purple, and orange in the fall, creating an attractive display.

4. Flowers: The tree produces a profusion of white or pink blossoms in early spring before the leaves emerge. The flowers are borne in clusters and have a mild, fragrant scent.

5. Fruit: It bears small, brown, and inedible fruit that resemble miniature pears. These fruits attract wildlife, including birds and small mammals.

6. Adaptability: The Bradford pear has high adaptability and can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions and pH levels. It can grow well in both acidic and alkaline soils.

7. Urban Tolerance: Bradford pears are often planted in urban areas, including streetscapes, parks, and yards. They can tolerate pollution, drought, and poor soil conditions.

While Bradford pear trees are widely planted for their ornamental value, they have faced criticism due to their weak wood, susceptibility to pests and diseases, and potential for becoming invasive in some areas. As a result, some regions have discouraged their planting and recommended alternative tree species for landscaping.