What are the possible fillings and toppings in pie making?

Pie fillings and toppings vary widely, but here are some common options:

Fillings:

1. Fruit Fillings: Includes fresh or canned fruits such as apples, blueberries, cherries, peaches, or mixed fruits.

2. Custard Fillings: Custard is a creamy mixture of milk, sugar, and egg yolks, often flavored with vanilla or cinnamon.

3. Cream Fillings: Similar to custard but without egg yolks. Can be flavored with vanilla, chocolate, or other extracts.

4. Chocolate Fillings: Varieties include melted chocolate, chocolate ganache (mix of chocolate and cream), or chocolate mousse (mixture of chocolate, cream, and whipped egg whites).

5. Cheese Fillings: Includes varieties like ricotta, cream cheese, or a mixture of different cheeses, often combined with herbs or spices.

6. Meat Fillings: Savory pies may feature fillings like shredded chicken, ground beef, or turkey mixed with vegetables, sauce, and seasonings.

7. Seafood Fillings: Found in seafood pies, usually featuring fish or shellfish combined with vegetables, herbs, and sauces.

8. Nut Fillings: Pies may include nuts like pecans, walnuts, or almonds, often paired with caramel, chocolate, or maple flavors.

9. Pumpkin Fillings: Typically made with pumpkin puree, sugar, spices, and sometimes evaporated milk.

Toppings:

1. Lattice Top: Strips of pie dough woven in a crisscross pattern over the filling.

2. Full Top: A single sheet of pie dough covering the entire filling.

3. Crumble Top: A mixture of flour, sugar, butter, and sometimes nuts or oats sprinkled over the filling.

4. Streusel Top: Similar to crumble but with larger, more irregular pieces of dough.

5. Meringue Top: Beaten egg whites and sugar whipped to stiff peaks and baked until golden.

6. Whipped Cream: A light and fluffy topping made by whipping heavy cream until it holds peaks.

7. Ice Cream: A scoop of ice cream or frozen yogurt can add a cold and creamy element.

8. Chocolate Shavings or Ganache: Drizzle of melted chocolate or a layer of chocolate ganache over the pie.

9. Cinnamon Sugar: Sprinkle of cinnamon sugar over the filling before baking.

10. Nuts: Chopped nuts like pecans or walnuts can be sprinkled on top for added texture.

11. Fruit: Slices or whole pieces of fresh fruit arranged on top before baking.

Remember that the choice of fillings and toppings is highly subjective and can be customized based on personal preferences and cultural influences.