Why does your fudge not set?

1. Incorrect Temperature: Fudge relies on precise temperature control during the cooking process. If the temperature is too low, the fudge will not reach the proper consistency and may remain soft. Ensure you follow the recipe's temperature guidelines and use a candy thermometer to monitor the temperature accurately.

2. Insufficient Cooking Time: Fudge needs to cook for the recommended amount of time to allow the sugar to caramelize and the mixture to thicken. If the fudge is removed from the heat too early, it may not have reached the desired stage and will remain runny.

3. Added Ingredients: Adding ingredients not included in the original recipe can alter the fudge's consistency. Be cautious when adding extras, such as nuts or chocolate chips, as they may affect the setting process.

4. High Altitude Adjustments: Fudge recipes are typically formulated for sea-level cooking. If you're at a higher altitude, adjustments to the recipe may be necessary. Generally, high altitude cooking requires reducing the amount of sugar and increasing the cooking time.

5. Humidity: High humidity can affect the fudge's ability to set properly. Fudge is best made in a dry environment to prevent moisture from interfering with the crystallization process.

6. Type of Sugar: Different types of sugar can impact fudge consistency. Granulated sugar is typically used in fudge recipes; substituting other sugars, such as brown sugar or honey, can alter the texture and prevent proper setting.

7. Mixing Technique: The way you mix the fudge can affect its texture. Stirring the fudge too vigorously can cause air pockets to form, leading to a softer consistency. Gently stir the mixture until it reaches the desired stage.

8. Cooling Process: Once the fudge is cooked, it needs to be cooled properly. Letting the fudge cool at room temperature is not recommended; instead, place it in a cool area, such as a refrigerator, to speed up the setting process.

9. Refrigeration Time: Fudge requires sufficient refrigeration time to set completely. The recommended chilling duration varies depending on the recipe, but most fudges need at least several hours or overnight to achieve the desired firmness.

10. Old Ingredients: Using old or stale ingredients, especially baking powder or other leavening agents, can affect the fudge's ability to set properly. Ensure your ingredients are fresh and within their expiration dates.

If you've followed the recipe and addressed these potential issues, and the fudge still doesn't set, you may need to consult a food scientist or an expert in candy-making for further guidance.