What is the breakdown complex of food molecules into simpler ones?

The breakdown of complex food molecules into simpler ones is called catabolism. Catabolism is the second stage of metabolism, following anabolism. During catabolism, complex organic molecules are broken down into simpler inorganic molecules, releasing energy that can be used by the cell. The three main types of catabolism are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, occurs in the mitochondria and further breaks down pyruvate into carbon dioxide and water. Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria and uses the energy released from the citric acid cycle to produce ATP.