What does sodium bicarbonate do in lotions?

Emulsifier: Sodium bicarbonate is an amphiphilic substance, meaning that it has both hydrophilic (water-loving) and hydrophobic (water-hating) regions. This allows it to act as an emulsifier, which is a substance that helps to disperse one liquid into another liquid with which it is immiscible (not mixable). In the case of lotions, sodium bicarbonate helps to disperse oil droplets into water, creating a smooth, creamy consistency.

Buffering agent: Sodium bicarbonate is also a mild buffering agent, which means that it can help to maintain a constant pH level in a solution. This is important for lotions, as the pH level of the skin can vary from person to person and can be affected by factors such as sweat, soap, and other skincare products. Sodium bicarbonate can help to maintain a pH level that is comfortable for the skin and prevents irritation.

Antibacterial and antifungal properties: Sodium bicarbonate has antibacterial and antifungal properties that can help to keep lotions from becoming contaminated with microorganisms. This is especially important for lotions that are used on sensitive or compromised skin.

Deodorizing properties: Sodium bicarbonate can also help to neutralize body odor. This is because it acts as a base and can neutralize acids that are produced by bacteria on the skin. Sodium bicarbonate can be used in lotions as an alternative to traditional deodorant ingredients such as aluminum chloride and zirconium salts, which can be irritating to some people.

Soothing and anti-inflammatory properties: Sodium bicarbonate has soothing and anti-inflammatory properties that can help to relieve skin irritation, itching, and inflammation. This can make it beneficial for use in lotions for people with conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, or other skin irritations.

Overall, sodium bicarbonate is a versatile ingredient that can be used in lotions to provide a number of benefits, including emulsification, buffering, antibacterial and antifungal properties, deodorizing properties, and soothing and anti-inflammatory properties.