Are betta fish okay in fresh water ponds and are minnows a problem for them?

* Temperature: Bettas are tropical fish, needing warm water (78-82 degrees Fahrenheit). Ponds in most areas are much cooler than this, especially during the colder months, potentially killing them.

* Predation: Bettas are small, and ponds are filled with larger fish (like minnows, carp, or even turtles) that could easily prey on them.

* Environmental Stability: Ponds are often more unstable than aquariums, with fluctuations in water temperature, pH, and oxygen levels, which can be stressful and harmful to bettas.

Minnows and other small fish are indeed a problem for bettas in a pond. Betta fish are not particularly aggressive, and they are often targeted by larger fish. Even if the minnows themselves don't eat the betta, they can still outcompete them for food and space.

A better option for keeping bettas is a heated and filtered aquarium, where you can control their environment and minimize stress.

If you're looking for fish to keep in a pond, there are many other species that are much better suited for the environment. Research which species are native to your area and have the best chance of thriving in your pond.