Why your male fighting fish makes bubbles alone?

Male fighting fishes (Betta splendens) create bubble nests as part of their mating and breeding behavior. These nests serve multiple purposes:

Attracting Females: The bubble nests are primarily used to attract female fighting fishes. The male builds the nests by blowing bubbles from its mouth and mixing them with saliva to form a stable structure. The bubbles are arranged like a foam raft on the surface of the water. Female fighting fishes find these bubble nests attractive and are drawn to them. It is believed that the bubbles' size, shape, and symmetry serve as visual cues that indicate the male's fitness and quality as a potential mate.

Protection for Eggs: After successful mating, the female fighting fish releases her eggs, and the male collects them in his bubble nest. The bubbles provide a secure and protective environment for the developing fish eggs. The nest keeps the eggs close to the surface, where they can receive oxygen, and ensures they remain protected from predators. The sticky texture of the bubble nest helps to keep the eggs suspended and prevents them from sinking. By guarding the nest, the male ensures the safety of the eggs until they hatch.

Oxygenation: The male fighting fish regularly tends to the bubble nest by adding more bubbles and fanning them with his fins. This process helps to maintain a good supply of oxygen for the developing eggs. By providing sufficient oxygen, the male ensures the survival and healthy growth of the eggs during their incubation period.

Paternal Care: The male fighting fish demonstrates impressive paternal care by guarding the bubble nest and the developing eggs. He remains close to the nest, fanning it, repairing any damage, and protecting the eggs from potential threats. This behavior showcases the male's dedication to ensuring the success of his offspring.

It's important to note that male fighting fishes can create bubble nests even when there is no female present. This behavior is instinctive, and some males may simply build nests as a way to claim territory or display dominance. However, the primary purpose of bubble nests is related to mating and reproduction in this fish species.