What are four environment conditions that can cause food to spoilage?

Temperature: Bacteria grow rapidly in warm temperatures, so it's important to keep food cold to slow down spoilage. USDA suggests temperatures at 40℉ or below.

Moisture: Bacteria also need moisture to grow, so keeping food dry is important to prevent spoilage.

Oxygen: Oxygen is needed by many types of bacteria to grow, so reducing the amount of oxygen in food can help to prevent spoilage. Vacuum sealing or storing food in an airtight container can help to reduce oxygen exposure.

pH: The pH of food also affects the growth of bacteria. Most bacteria grow best in a neutral pH, so acidic or alkaline foods are less likely to spoil.