Describe the structure and function of a fruit?

A fruit is a mature ovary along with other accessory structures. It consists of the following main parts:

1. Pericarp: The pericarp is the outer covering of the fruit and is derived from the ovary wall. It consists of three layers:

* Exocarp: The exocarp is the outermost layer and is usually thin and tough. It provides protection for the inner parts of the fruit.

* Mesocarp: The mesocarp is the middle layer and is usually fleshy and juicy. It provides nutrients for the developing seeds.

* Endocarp: The endocarp is the innermost layer and is usually hard and stony. It protects the seeds from damage.

2. Seeds: Seeds are the reproductive units of a fruit and are contained within the pericarp. Each seed consists of a seed coat, an embryo, and a food reserve.

* Seed coat: The seed coat is a protective layer that surrounds the embryo.

* Embryo: The embryo is the immature plant that is contained within the seed. It consists of a radicle, a plumule, and one or more cotyledons.

* Food reserve: The food reserve is a store of nutrients that is used by the embryo to grow into a seedling.

Function of a Fruit

The main function of a fruit is to protect and disperse the seeds. The pericarp provides protection for the seeds from damage, while the fleshy mesocarp attracts animals that help to disperse the seeds. The seeds themselves contain a store of nutrients that is used by the embryo to grow into a new plant.

In addition to protecting and dispersing seeds, fruits also provide a source of food for animals and humans. Many fruits are eaten fresh, while others are used to make jams, jellies, and other products. Fruits are also a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.