How are watermelon seeds dispersed?

Birds: Birds are the primary dispersers of watermelon. Watermelon seeds are enclosed within a juicy and palatable fruit, which attracts birds. When birds consume the fruit, they also ingest the seeds. These seeds pass through the bird's digestive tract undamaged and are dispersed when the bird defecates.

Other animals: Other animals such as small mammals, reptiles, and insects can also disperse watermelon seeds. These animals may consume the fruit, carry the seeds away, and deposit them in new locations.

Water: Running or standing water can also disperse watermelon seeds. When flooded rivers, streams, or lakes recede, they can leave behind watermelon seeds on their banks or in new areas.