What green manures are used in organic farming?

Here are some common green manures used in organic farming, categorized by their benefits:

Nitrogen Fixation:

* Legumes: These are the most popular green manure type due to their ability to fix nitrogen from the air. Some common examples include:

* Clover: Red clover, white clover, crimson clover.

* Vetch: Hairy vetch, common vetch.

* Alfalfa: (Best for long rotations)

* Pea: Field pea, Austrian winter pea.

* Bean: Fava bean, broad bean.

* Lupine: (Especially good in acidic soils)

Soil Improvement:

* Brassicas: These help break up compacted soils and add organic matter.

* Mustard: (Quick growing)

* Radish: (Especially effective for breaking up clay soils)

* Turnip: (Tolerates cold weather)

* Grasses: These are good for building soil structure and holding moisture.

* Rye: (Winter hardy, helps control weeds)

* Oats: (Good for suppressing nematodes)

* Sudangrass: (Fast growing, good for hot climates)

* Wheat: (Winter hardy, helps suppress weeds)

* Other:

* Buckwheat: (Fast growing, good for suppressing weeds)

* Sunn Hemp: (Fast growing, good for hot climates)

* Phacelia: (Attracts beneficial insects)

Considerations:

* Climate: Choose green manures that are adapted to your climate.

* Soil Type: Some green manures are better suited to certain soil types. For example, legumes do well in well-drained soils, while grasses can tolerate wetter conditions.

* Timing: Plant green manures at the right time of year to ensure they have enough time to grow and provide the desired benefits.

* Incorporation: Once the green manure is established, it can be incorporated into the soil by tilling or by simply letting it decompose on the surface.

Important Note: Green manures should be planted in a rotation with other crops to avoid building up disease or pest problems. It's always best to consult with a local extension office for specific recommendations for your region and crops.