What was the process of making raisins in ancient days?

In the ancient world, grapes were typically harvested between August and October in the northern hemisphere. Depending on the region and climate, farmers used various methods to identify the optimal time for harvesting. Signs such as the grapes' color, texture, and sugar levels were essential indicators of ripeness.

2. Drying in the Sun:

After harvesting, the grapes were taken to drying areas, typically on elevated platforms or racks to protect them from moisture and pests. The grapes were spread out in a single layer to ensure even drying.

-Sun Drying: The most common method was sun drying. The grapes were left under direct sunlight for several days or weeks, depending on the weather conditions. This process reduced the water content of the grapes, concentrating their sugars and flavors.

-Shade Drying: In certain areas with extreme sunlight or high humidity, shade drying was used to prevent over-drying and preserve the grapes' natural color. The grapes were placed under shelters made of cloth, leaves, or reed mats.

3. Sorting and Cleaning:

During the drying process, the grapes were regularly inspected and sorted to remove any damaged or unripe fruit. They were also cleaned to eliminate any dirt, insects, or debris.

4. De-Stemming:

Once the grapes were fully dried and turned into raisins, the stems were carefully removed. This process was often done by hand or with simple tools like wooden combs.

5. Storage:

The sorted and de-stemmed raisins were stored in containers like baskets, jars, or sacks. Some cultures also used animal skin pouches to preserve raisins for longer periods. Proper storage was crucial to maintain their quality and prevent spoilage.

Here are some additional details about raisin making in ancient times:

- Different grape varieties were used for raisin production, depending on their sweetness and suitability for drying.

- The drying time and methods varied based on the climate and specific region. In Mediterranean countries, sun-drying was predominant, while in cooler regions, shade drying was preferred.

- The techniques for sorting, cleaning, and de-stemming raisins remained largely the same throughout history.

- The use of raisins in ancient times extended beyond culinary purposes. They were also used in medicinal remedies and as sweeteners in various beverages and desserts.

Overall, the process of making raisins in ancient days emphasized the utilization of natural resources and relied on artisanal methods that have stood the test of time, contributing to the rich cultural and culinary heritage of various civilizations.