How do Roosters fertilize eggs?

Roosters don't fertilize eggs directly. They impregnate the hen. Here's how it works:

1. Mating: When a rooster mates with a hen, he transfers sperm into her cloaca (the opening for waste and egg laying). This is usually a brief act where the rooster mounts the hen.

2. Sperm Storage: The hen's reproductive tract can store sperm for several days or even weeks.

3. Fertilization: When an egg is released from the hen's ovary, it travels down the oviduct. If sperm is present in the oviduct, it can fertilize the egg.

Therefore, the rooster's role is to provide the sperm, but it is the hen that lays the fertilized egg.

If a hen is not mated with a rooster, the eggs she lays will be unfertilized. These eggs are still edible and often used for consumption or baking.