Where are the grapes that produce red wine grown?

Grapes for red wine are predominantly grown in cool to semi-cool climates at various latitudes:

Northern Hemisphere:

1. European Regions:

- France: Renowned red wine regions include Bordeaux (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc), Burgundy (Pinot Noir, Gamay), Alsace (Pinot Noir) Rhone Valley (Syrah, Grenache), and Beaujolais (Gamay)

- Italy: Italian wine regions known for red varieties are Tuscany (Sangiovese), Piedmont (Nebbiolo, Barbera, Dolcetto), Lombardy (Nebbiolo), Umbria (Sagrantino), Piedmont (Nebbiolo), Puglia (Primitivo, Negroamaro), and Sicily (Nero d'Avola, Nerello Mascalese)

- Spain: Red wine areas include Riota (Tempranillo, Garnacha), Priorat (Carignan, Garnacha, Cabernet Sauvignon), Ribera del Duero (Tempranillo)

- Germany: Some German regions produce red wines from Spätburgunder (Pinot Noir)

Southern Hemisphere:

2. North America:

- California, USA: Notable regions are Napa Valley (Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot), Sonoma County (Pinot Noir, Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon), Lodi (Zinfandel)

- Washington State, USA: The state is popular for Cabernet Sauvignon

3. South America:

- Chile: Major red varieties are Carmenere, Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot

- Argentina: Famous for full-bodied Malbec

4. Australia:

- South Australia: Renowned varieties include Shiraz (Syrah), Cabernet Sauvignon

- Victoria: Known for Pinot Noir

5. New Zealand:

- Central Otago: Noted for producing robust Pinot Noir wines

6. South Africa:

- Stellenbosch: Renowned for Cabernet Sauvignon

- Paarl: Popular for Shiraz (Syrah)

It's essential to note that individual climate variations exist within different areas, influencing where a particular type of grape thrives best. Local microclimates can impact soil properties, temperature ranges, and water availability, further influencing grape growth and red wine characteristics.