What would happen to a bottle with cork when heated up?

When a sealed glass bottle with a cork stopper is heated up, several physical changes take place:

Volume changes: As the temperature of the air inside the bottle increases, the air molecules move faster and collide with each other and with the walls of the bottle more frequently. This increase in kinetic energy causes the air inside the bottle to expand, creating an increase in pressure.

Pressure build-up: The expanding air inside the bottle applies more force on the cork stopper. The cork, which is made of a compressible material, starts to compress and bulge outward. This is because the air pressure inside the bottle is trying to find an escape route.

Deformation of the cork: The cork's elasticity allows it to stretch and deform under the increasing pressure. The cork may become misshapen or protrude from the bottle's opening. If the pressure becomes too high, the cork may eventually pop out of the bottle, releasing the air inside.

Bottle breakage: In some cases, if the pressure inside the bottle becomes extremely high, the bottle itself can shatter due to the immense internal forces. This is more likely to occur with thick, heavy-duty glass bottles compared to thin, flexible glass containers.

It's important to note that the exact behavior and response of the bottle and its cork may vary depending on factors such as the material and thickness of the glass, the shape and design of the bottle, the type of cork, and the temperature reached during heating.