What do starfish need for survival?

Starfish, also known as sea stars, require specific environmental conditions for their survival. Here are the key factors they need:

1. Saltwater: Starfish are marine invertebrates and can only survive in saltwater environments. They are unable to tolerate freshwater or brackish water for extended periods.

2. Oxygen: Starfish rely on dissolved oxygen in the water for respiration. They have a unique water vascular system that helps them extract oxygen from the surrounding water. Low oxygen levels can be detrimental to their survival.

3. Food: Starfish are predators and scavengers. They primarily feed on mollusks, such as clams, mussels, and oysters, using their specialized digestive system to pry open the shells of their prey. Some starfish also feed on other invertebrates, such as sea urchins and barnacles.

4. Suitable Habitat: Starfish need a suitable habitat that provides shelter and protection from predators. They are commonly found in rocky shores, coral reefs, and other marine environments that offer crevices and hiding places. Some starfish species also inhabit sandy or muddy bottoms.

5. Appropriate Salinity and Temperature: Starfish are sensitive to changes in salinity and temperature. They can tolerate a wide range of salinity levels, but extreme fluctuations can cause stress or even death. Similarly, while starfish can adapt to different temperature ranges, sudden or prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures can be detrimental.

6. Lack of Pollution and Human Disturbance: Starfish are vulnerable to pollution and human activities. Chemicals, oil spills, and other contaminants can harm starfish and disrupt their natural habitats. Additionally, overfishing of their prey species or physical disturbances caused by human activities, such as coastal development or dredging, can negatively impact starfish populations.

By ensuring these environmental conditions are met, starfish can thrive and play their important role in maintaining the balance and biodiversity of marine ecosystems.