Traditional Method

• The traditional baked macaroni and cheese recipe calls for a heavy white sauce as the dish's foundation. Flour is whisked into melted hot butter to form a roux. After the roux browns slightly, milk is added. Heat the milk to almost simmering over medium heat and the roux thickens it. This basic sauce not only thickens mac and cheese, but it can also be found in dishes such as cream of broccoli soup, scalloped potatoes and chicken a la king. The thickness of the sauce can be adjusted by how much flour you add.

Substitutions

• If you'd prefer a macaroni and cheese without the flour-and-butter sauce, try making a sauce from heavy whipping cream and shredded cheese instead. The classic French au gratin method relies on this technique and produces consistently rich and creamy results. You can also use eggs, ricotta, cottage cheese or evaporated milk as thickening agents. Use a high-quality sharp cheddar for a traditional flavor or make a grownup version with grated Gruyere, Parmesan or Swiss cheese -- or a mixture of cheeses. Use American cheese for a kid-friendly version. American cheese has a reputation for not being real cheese, but it's actually ground cheddar or Colby that's been emulsified with water. Flavor macaroni and cheese with salt and pepper, nutmeg or even bacon or chili peppers.

Quantities

• A traditional recipe calls for about 4 cups of white sauce for every pound of pasta. Use similar quantities if you're substituting cream or evaporated milk. Combine the liquid, grated cheeses and any seasonings in a bowl and whisk until smooth before adding this mixture to the pasta. A lot of recipes skimp on the cheese, but the end result will taste better if you indulge a bit. Use between 2 and 4 cups of cheese for every pound of pasta.

Drawbacks

• If you long for a light, but creamy, macaroni and cheese, skipping the white sauce is the best way to go. If, on the other hand, you love a thick, almost brick-like mac and cheese, then stick with the white sauce because it makes a stiffer product. Macaroni and cheese is traditionally a budget-friendly food designed for hungry kids and families. Add whipping cream and gourmet cheeses, though, and it becomes a luxurious treat. If your budget is tight or you need to make large quantities, a white sauce recipe is usually the more economical choice.