How many different types of yeast are there?

There are over 1,500 known species of yeast, divided into two main groups: budding yeasts and fission yeasts. Budding yeasts, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, reproduce by forming a bud that grows and then detaches from the parent cell. Fission yeasts, such as Schizosaccharomyces pombe, reproduce by splitting in two. Yeast are found in a variety of habitats, including soil, water, plants, and animals. They are essential for the production of many fermented foods and beverages, such as bread, wine, and beer. Yeast also play an important role in the environment, decomposing organic matter and recycling nutrients.