Which coffee has more caffeine-espresso or Italian roast?

Espresso is a concentrated coffee brew made by forcing hot water through finely-ground coffee beans under high pressure. The brewing process extracts a higher concentration of caffeine from the beans.

Italian roast is a dark roast coffee that is roasted to a very high temperature. While dark roasts generally have less caffeine than lighter roasts due to the roasting process destroying some caffeine, Italian roast still typically has more caffeine than a light or medium roast.

However, the caffeine content of coffee can vary depending on:

* Bean type: Arabica beans generally have less caffeine than Robusta beans.

* Brewing method: Different brewing methods can extract varying amounts of caffeine.

* Grind size: Finer grinds can extract more caffeine.

In general, espresso tends to have a higher caffeine content than Italian roast coffee.