What kind of heat transfer is a cup coffee?

* Conduction: The heat from the hot coffee transfers to the cup itself through direct contact. This is because the molecules in the hot coffee vibrate more rapidly, transferring energy to the molecules in the cup.

* Convection: As the coffee cools, the hotter, less dense liquid at the top of the cup rises, while cooler, denser liquid sinks to the bottom. This continuous cycle of rising and sinking creates currents within the coffee, transferring heat from the warmer regions to the cooler regions.

Radiation also plays a minor role in heat transfer from a cup of coffee. The coffee emits some infrared radiation, which is heat energy. However, this is a less significant factor compared to conduction and convection.