Why red chilli and green are spicy in taste?

Capsaicinoids are a group of compounds found in chili peppers that are responsible for their spicy taste. The amount of capsaicinoids in a chili pepper determines how spicy it is. Red and green chili peppers both contain capsaicinoids, but red chili peppers typically contain more of them than green chili peppers. This is why red chili peppers are generally spicier than green chili peppers.

In addition to capsaicinoids, chili peppers also contain other compounds that can contribute to their spicy taste, such as piperine and zingerone. These compounds can enhance the spiciness of capsaicinoids, making chili peppers even spicier.

The spiciness of chili peppers is measured using the Scoville scale. The Scoville scale measures the amount of capsaicinoids in a chili pepper, with higher numbers indicating higher levels of spiciness. Some of the hottest chili peppers in the world, such as the Carolina Reaper and the Trinidad Moruga Scorpion, can have Scoville scale ratings of over 2 million.

The spiciness of chili peppers can have a number of effects on the body, including:

* Stimulating the release of endorphins: Endorphins are hormones that have pain-relieving and mood-boosting effects. This is why eating spicy food can sometimes give people a feeling of euphoria.

* Clearing nasal congestion: Capsaicinoids can help to clear nasal congestion by stimulating the production of mucus. This is why spicy food can be helpful for people with allergies or colds.

* Reducing blood pressure: Capsaicinoids can help to lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels. This is why spicy food can be helpful for people with high blood pressure.

* Improving digestion: Capsaicinoids can help to improve digestion by stimulating the production of stomach acid. This is why spicy food can be helpful for people with digestive problems.

However, it is important to note that spicy food can also have some negative effects on the body, such as:

* Irritating the stomach: Capsaicinoids can irritate the stomach lining, causing pain and discomfort. This is why people with sensitive stomachs should avoid eating spicy food.

* Causing heartburn: Capsaicinoids can also cause heartburn by relaxing the esophageal sphincter, which allows stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. This is why people with heartburn should avoid eating spicy food.

* Triggering migraines: Capsaicinoids can trigger migraines in some people. This is because capsaicinoids can cause the release of histamine, a compound that can lead to headaches and migraines.

If you experience any negative effects from eating spicy food, it is best to avoid eating it. However, if you enjoy spicy food and can tolerate it without any problems, it can be a healthy and delicious addition to your diet.