What is meant by the policy of bread and circuses?

The phrase 'bread and circuses' refers to a political strategy that emphasizes the provision of basic necessities and entertainment to the populace, often at the expense of other important concerns. It implies focusing on appeasing the masses with material comforts and distractions rather than addressing more pressing societal, political, or economic issues. This approach to governance aims to maintain the contentment of the people and quell potential unrest by distracting them from deeper structural problems. The term originates from ancient Rome, where emperors would provide citizens with free bread and entertainment, such as gladiator fights and public spectacles, to gain popularity and maintain social stability.