What happens to molecules in sugar as it boils?

As sugar is heated, the molecules gain kinetic energy and begin to move more rapidly, breaking the bonds that hold them together in a solid state. This causes the sugar to melt and become a liquid.

As the sugar continues to be heated, the molecules gain even more energy and begin to break apart into smaller molecules. This process is known as pyrolysis. The smaller molecules then recombine to form new compounds, including water, carbon dioxide, and various organic compounds.

The exact composition of the products of pyrolysis depends on the temperature and duration of heating. At lower temperatures, the products are mainly water and carbon dioxide, while at higher temperatures, more complex organic compounds are formed.

The pyrolysis of sugar is an important process in the production of many foods and beverages, including caramelized sugar, molasses, and rum. It is also used in the production of biofuels and other renewable energy sources.