Which food plants were native to the new world?

The New World, or the Americas, was a treasure trove of food plants that were completely unknown to the Old World. Here are some of the most prominent and impactful ones:

Grains:

* Maize (Corn): Arguably the most important New World crop, maize was domesticated in Mexico and spread throughout the Americas. It became a staple food source and contributed to the development of complex civilizations.

* Amaranth: This grain was a major food source in the Andes and Mexico, providing protein, fiber, and vitamins.

* Quinoa: Another Andean staple, quinoa is a complete protein source and high in fiber.

Vegetables:

* Potato: Originating in the Andes, potatoes became a vital food source in Europe and other parts of the world after their introduction.

* Sweet Potato: Another Andean crop, sweet potatoes are a good source of vitamin A and fiber.

* Tomato: This fruit, native to the Andes, is now a globally popular vegetable.

* Chili peppers: These fruits, originating in Mexico, added flavor and heat to many dishes.

* Pumpkin: Native to Mexico and Central America, pumpkins were cultivated for their seeds and flesh.

* Squash: Different types of squash were domesticated in various parts of the Americas, providing versatile food sources.

* Avocado: This fruit, native to Mexico and Central America, is a good source of healthy fats.

* Bean: Many types of beans, including kidney beans, pinto beans, and black beans, were domesticated in the Americas.

* Peanut: Native to South America, peanuts are a source of protein and healthy fats.

Fruits:

* Pineapple: This tropical fruit, native to South America, is now a popular fruit worldwide.

* Papaya: Originating in Central America, papaya is a good source of vitamins and minerals.

* Guava: This fruit, native to Central America, is known for its high vitamin C content.

* Cashew: The cashew tree, native to Brazil, produces both edible nuts and fruits.

* Mango: While the exact origin is debated, mango is believed to have been domesticated in South Asia and then spread to the Americas.

Others:

* Vanilla: This spice, extracted from the orchid plant, is native to Mexico.

* Cocoa: The cacao bean, native to South America, is used to make chocolate.

This list is not exhaustive, but it highlights the diverse and valuable contribution of the New World to the world's food supply. These plants have not only provided food but also shaped cultures, economies, and history.