How do jellyfish eat?

Jellyfish are voracious predators that feed on a variety of small organisms, including plankton, small fish, and even other jellyfish. Their feeding mechanism is relatively simple but effective.

1. Paralyzing Prey: Jellyfish have specialized cells called nematocysts, which are tiny stinging cells located on their tentacles. When a jellyfish comes into contact with potential prey, it uses its tentacles to capture and paralyze it with these nematocysts.

2. Ingestion: Once the prey is paralyzed, the jellyfish brings it to its mouth, which is located on the underside of its bell. The mouth is surrounded by four fleshy arms called oral arms, which help in grabbing and pushing the prey into the digestive cavity.

3. Digestion: The digestive cavity of a jellyfish is a gastrovascular cavity, which also serves as the circulatory system. It consists of a central stomach and a network of canals that extend throughout the body. Digestive enzymes are secreted into the stomach, where the food is broken down and absorbed.

4. Expulsion of Waste: Any undigested materials or waste products are expelled through the same mouth opening.

Jellyfish typically rely on their tentacles to sweep up prey as they float through the water. Some species may also engage in ambush predation, where they wait for suitable prey to come within reach of their tentacles before capturing them. The specific feeding behavior can vary among different jellyfish species.