When and how many eggs do sparrows breed?

House sparrows (Passer domesticus) typically breed during the spring and summer months in temperate regions. The exact breeding season can vary depending on the geographic location and climate, but it generally occurs between March and August in North America and Europe.

House sparrows are prolific breeders and can produce multiple broods per season. Each brood typically consists of 4-6 eggs, although clutch sizes can range from 2 to 8 eggs. The sparrow eggs are relatively small, approximately 1.4 to 1.8 centimeters (0.55 to 0.71 inches) in length, and vary in color from white to pale blue or greenish-white, often with brown or gray speckles or spots.

Both male and female sparrows participate in nest-building. They constructed a cup-shaped nests from a variety of materials, such as straws, grasses, twigs, feathers, strings, pieces of cloth, and other soft materials. The nest are usually built in sheltered locations, such as holes in walls, eaves of buildings, nooks and crannies in urban structures, dense shrubs, or trees.

The female sparrow is primarily responsible for incubation, although the male may occasionally help. The incubation period lasts for about 11-14 days, after which the eggs hatch into helpless chicks. Both parents take turns feeding and caring for the chicks, bringing them food and protecting them from predators. The chicks usually fledge the nest about 14-18 days after hatching and become independent, although they may stay close to their parents for some time before finally dispersing.