What do shias in maharam?

Shia Muslims observe the month of Muharram, particularly the first ten days, as a period of mourning and remembrance of the martyrdom of Imam Hussein, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. Here are some of the key practices and rituals associated with Muharram among Shias:

1. Mourning Processions (Majalis):

- Shia communities organize processions known as "majalis" where people gather to listen to sermons, lamentations, and eulogies recounting the events of Karbala, the battle in which Imam Hussein was killed.

2. Matam:

- Matam refers to the practice of self-flagellation. Shia mourners use chains, blades, and other instruments to strike their heads and backs as a symbolic act of mourning and penance.

3. Wearing Black:

- As a sign of mourning, Shia Muslims wear black clothing during Muharram, particularly on Ashura, the tenth day of the month.

4. Taziya and Tabut:

- Taziyas and tabuts are replicas of the tombs of Imam Hussein and his companions. They are often elaborately decorated and carried in processions during Muharram.

5. Food Distribution (Nizri):

- Shia Muslims distribute food and drinks to the needy and less fortunate as a charitable act in the memory of Imam Hussein's sacrifice.

6. Recitation of Ziarat Ashura:

- Shia pilgrims recite the Ziarat Ashura, a prayer attributed to Imam Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Shia Imam, during Muharram.

7. Mourning Gatherings (Majalis-e-Aza):

- Shia households hold majalis-e-aza, where community members gather to listen to religious scholars and reciters who narrate the events of Karbala and recite elegies.

8. Ashura Commemorations:

- Ashura, the tenth day of Muharram, is the climax of the mourning period. Shia Muslims commemorate Ashura by organizing large processions and gatherings, recalling the sacrifices of Imam Hussein and his followers.

These rituals and practices serve as expressions of grief, devotion, and solidarity within the Shia community. They aim to honor the memory of Imam Hussein's martyrdom and reinforce the values of sacrifice, remembrance, and the pursuit of justice.