What are the characteristics of safe drinking water?

1. Clarity: The water should be clear and free from visible particles or cloudiness.

2. Color: The water should be colorless or have a slight bluish tint.

3. Taste and Odor: The water should be tasteless and odorless.

4. Microbiological Safety: The water should be free from harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.

5. Chemical Safety: The water should be free from harmful chemical substances, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial solvents.

6. pH Level: The pH level of the water should be between 6.5 and 8.5.

7. Hardness: The water should have a moderate level of hardness, which is usually expressed in terms of calcium carbonate concentration.

8. Temperature: The water should be cool and refreshing, with a temperature between 55°F and 65°F.

9. Absence of Toxic Substances: The water should be free from any toxic substances, such as lead, mercury, and arsenic.

10. Adequate Mineral Content: The water should contain essential minerals, such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and fluoride, in appropriate concentrations for good health.

11. Free of Pathogenic Microorganisms: The water should be free from microorganisms that can cause diseases, such as E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella.

12. Adequate Disinfection: The water should be properly disinfected to ensure the elimination of harmful microorganisms.