What is the bourbon gauge and explain principal of working?

A Bourdon gauge is a pressure measuring instrument that utilizes the principle of a bent or curved tube to measure the pressure of a fluid or gas. It is widely used in various applications, including industrial processes, HVAC systems, and medical equipment.

Principle of Working:

The working principle of a Bourdon gauge is based on the deformation of the tube due to the applied pressure. Here's a detailed explanation of how it works:

1. Pressure Connection: The Bourdon gauge has a pressure connection port where the fluid or gas whose pressure is to be measured is connected.

2. Bourdon Tube: The main sensing element of the gauge is the Bourdon tube. It is a hollow, curved tube with an oval or flattened cross-section. The shape of the tube, usually C-shaped, makes it sensitive to pressure changes.

3. Pressure Effect on the Tube: When pressure is applied to the Bourdon tube, the internal pressure tends to straighten the tube. This causes a movement or deflection in the tube's free end.

4. Mechanical Linkage: The movement of the free end of the Bourdon tube is mechanically connected to a sector gear and pinion mechanism. This mechanism converts the linear movement of the tube into rotary motion.

5. Indicating Pointer: The rotary motion is transferred to a pointer or indicator needle through the gear mechanism. The pointer moves along a calibrated scale or dial, indicating the pressure level.

6. Calibration: The Bourdon gauges are calibrated such that the movement of the pointer corresponds to specific pressure values. The calibration process involves applying known pressures and adjusting the gauge to display accurate readings.

The pressure inside the Bourdon tube acts as the input, while the pointer's position along the scale provides the output, which is the measured pressure reading. The shape of the Bourdon tube and the mechanical linkages amplify the small movement caused by the pressure change, allowing for precise pressure measurements.

Bourdon gauges are commonly used in various pressure ranges and are available in different materials and designs to suit different applications and environmental conditions. They provide a direct and reliable method for measuring pressure and are extensively used in industrial settings, laboratories, and other areas where accurate pressure measurement is crucial.