Why do mangoes ripen faster in an open tray?

Mangoes ripen faster in an open container due to the process of ethylene gas release. Ethylene is a natural plant hormone that regulates fruit ripening, among other physiological processes. When mangoes are placed in an open tray, the ethylene gas produced by the fruit can accumulate and accelerate the ripening process.

Here's a more detailed explanation of how mangoes ripen faster in an open tray:

1. Ethylene Production: As mangoes ripen, they naturally produce ethylene gas. Ethylene acts as a signaling molecule that triggers various biochemical changes associated with ripening, such as softening of the fruit, color changes, and the breakdown of starch into sugars.

2. Accumulation of Ethylene: When mangoes are placed in an open tray, the ethylene gas released by the fruit can accumulate within the container. This creates a higher concentration of ethylene compared to the surrounding air.

3. Autocatalytic Effect: The presence of higher levels of ethylene stimulates further production of ethylene in the mangoes. This is known as the autocatalytic effect of ethylene. As more ethylene is produced, it accelerates the ripening process and causes the mangoes to ripen faster.

4. Increased Respiration: Ethylene also promotes increased respiration in mangoes, which leads to a higher rate of metabolic activity. This increased respiration generates heat and energy, further contributing to the faster ripening process.

5. Ripening of Other Fruits: The accumulated ethylene gas in the open tray can also influence the ripening of other fruits placed nearby. Ethylene is known to affect the ripening of climacteric fruits, which are those that continue to ripen after harvest, such as bananas, avocados, and pears.

By placing mangoes in an open tray, the accumulation of ethylene gas and its autocatalytic effect accelerate the ripening process, leading to faster and more uniform ripening of the mangoes. This is why mangoes often ripen faster when stored in open containers compared to those kept in closed spaces or wrapped in plastic.

It's worth noting that while mangoes ripen faster in an open tray, proper storage conditions are still important to ensure optimal ripening and quality. Ideal storage conditions include a warm temperature (around 20-25°C), good ventilation, and protection from direct sunlight. Additionally, it's recommended to check the mangoes regularly and remove any that show signs of over-ripening or spoilage.