What happens when baking soda mixed with beetroot?

When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is mixed with beetroot, a chemical reaction takes place. Beetroot contains natural pigments called betalains, which are responsible for its vibrant red colour. When baking soda is added, it reacts with the betalains to produce a bright pink colour. This colour change is due to a shift in the pH of the mixture, as baking soda is a base and beetroot is slightly acidic. The reaction also produces carbon dioxide gas, which can cause the mixture to fizz and foam.

The chemical equation for the reaction between baking soda and beetroot is:

NaHCO3 + C12H17O11N2 → CO2 + H2O + C12H16O11N2Na

The products of the reaction are carbon dioxide gas, water, and a new compound called sodium betanin. Sodium betanin is a bright pink pigment that is responsible for the colour of the mixture.

This chemical reaction is often used in science experiments to demonstrate how acids and bases react with each other. It can also be used to create a natural food colouring for cakes, icings, and other desserts.