What is yeast made of?

Yeasts are composed of the same basic molecules that make up all forms of life: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and water. Carbohydrates make up the majority of yeast's dry matter, including polysaccharides (such as glucan and mannan) and sugars (such as glucose and fructose). Lipids, including phospholipids and sterols, are essential components of yeast cell membranes. Proteins, including enzymes and structural components such as actin and tubulin, perform various functions within the yeast cell. Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. Water serves as a solvent for biochemical reactions and gives yeast cells their characteristic shape. Additionally, yeasts contain various organic acids, minerals, and vitamins. The composition of yeast can vary depending on the species and growth conditions.