What is the purpose of letting dough to rise?

The purpose of letting dough to rise is to allow the dough to form gas and expand in volume. The rising process occurs when yeast metabolizes natural sugars in the flour and converts them into carbon dioxide gas. As the gas becomes trapped in the dough, it helps create a light and airy texture. This process not only affects the final texture of baked goods but also contributes to their flavor and aroma. The fermentation of the yeast, known as leavening, produces desirable compounds that enhance the bread's overall quality and palatability.