Is baking soda and powder one thing?

No, baking soda and baking powder are not the same thing. Although they both help baked goods rise, they have different chemical compositions and work in different ways.

Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is a pure alkali. It needs an acidic ingredient (like buttermilk, lemon juice, or yogurt) and liquid to activate and release carbon dioxide, which causes the batter to rise.

Baking powder is a combination of baking soda, an acid (like cream of tartar), and a drying agent (like cornstarch). It is already activated and releases carbon dioxide when mixed with liquid.

Here's a simple way to remember the difference:

* Baking soda needs an acid to work.

* Baking powder has the acid built in.

In summary:

* Baking soda is a single ingredient that needs an acid to activate.

* Baking powder is a mixture that already contains an acid and is activated by liquid.

Using the wrong one can affect the texture and taste of your baked goods.